F

 

Facsimile

A reproduction or copy of an original work that is similar in appearance to the original.

Fore edge

The front edge of a book; the edge of a book that opens; the side opposite the spine.

Form / format

The physical medium in which information is recorded or carried - paper, microfilm, photograph, computer disc, machine- readable record.

Foxing

Discolouration on paper, generally in the form of random rust coloured spots. Believed to be caused by one or more of the following; fungus or mould, impurities in manufacture, high humidity or dampness, airborne acids. The removal of foxing is not generally recommended in library and archive preservation since methods of removing foxing almost always will cause further damage to the object.

Freeze drying (vacuum)

A method of removing water from wet books or other material. The material is first frozen and then placed in a high vacuum, so that the water (ice) vaporises in the vacuum (sublimes) without passing through the liquid state.

Fumigation

The exposure of materials to the vapour of a volatile substance or toxic chemical in a closed container or chamber in order to destroy fungi and/or insects or animal pests.

Fungus / fungi / mould

Fungi are types of microscopic plant materials that are very numerous and occur in many different forms. Their spores, or reproductive bodies are everywhere and await only proper conditions of moisture and temperature to germinate, grow and reproduce. Fungi cause staining and weakening of most library and archive materials. Keeping the relative humidity below 70-80% and providing good air movement is the best way to control the growth of mould.

Fungicide

A substance capable of destroying or preventing the growth of fungi. Fungicides do not provide any residual protection from future mould growth.